High stress thermal plastic polyurethane, its preparing formulation and making process

ABSTRACT

A high stress thermal plastic polyurethane, its preparing formulation and making process are disclosed. In particular, the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane is prepared from a formulation comprises a polycarbonate derivative and has a stress more than 2.5 MPa.

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a high stress thermal plastic polyurethane, its preparing formulation and making process. In particular, the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane is prepared from a polycarbonate derivative, and has a stress more than 2.5 MPa.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Thermal plastic polymer is a plastic polymer material that becomes pliable or moldable at a certain elevated temperature and solidifies upon cooling. Moreover, they can be reshaped and are typically used to produce parts by various polymer processing techniques.

However, some e machine properties will be lost for keeping the linear structure of thermal plastic urethane. Generally, chemical modifying or physical blending thermal plastic urethane has a soft and brittle structure. As a result, their stress is less than 1.5 MPa. This advantage limits its application in many material industries.

Based on the aforementioned description, a thermal plastic polymer with high stress and its fabricating process are required for developing.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one objective, the present invention provides a formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane (TPU) with high stress. The formulation comprises a first part that comprises polyurethane oligomer and a second part that comprises a chain extender. The polyurethane oligomer is formed by reacting a polycarbonate derivative or a bisphenol compound with a diisocyanate, and the polycarbonate derivative has a structure as shown in formula (1).

In one example, R₁ group is derived from an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine or a polyether diamine; and the diisocyanate is an aromatic diisocyanate or an aliphatic diisocyanate. The chain extender is selected from one of group consisting of an aliphatic diol, a polyether diol, a polyester diol and a bisphenol. A weight ratio of the chain extender and the polyurethane oligomer (weight of the chain extender/weight of the polyurethane oligomer) is 1-3, and m is an integer of 0-5.

In another example, R₁ group is derived from an amino compound containing siloxane or polysiloxane groups; and the diisocyanate is aliphatic diisocyanate. The chain extender is selected from one of group consisting of an aliphatic diol and a bisphenol. A weight ratio of the chain extender and the polyurethane oligomer (weight of the chain extender/weight of the polyurethane oligomer) is 0.2-0.8, and m is an integer of 0-5.

Generally, the polyurethane oligomer is formed by reacting the polycarbonate derivative or the bisphenol compound with the diisocyanate in the presence of an aprotic solvent or a mixed protic-aprotic solvent and a catalyst. The aprotic solvent comprises tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone or anisole, and the catalyst comprises stannous octoate or dibutyltin dilaurate.

In another objective, the present invention discloses a thermal plastic polyurethane. The thermal plastic polyurethane is high stress thermal plastic polyurethane and formed by reacting a polyurethane oligomer with a diol, wherein the polyurethane oligomer has a structure as shown in formula (2).

In one example, m is 0(zero) and the polyurethane oligomer is formed by reacting a bisphenol compound with a diisocyanate, and x is an integer of 5-100. Preferably, the bisphenol compound is bisphenol A.

In another example, R₁ is derived from an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine or a polyether diamine and R₂ is derived from an aromatic diisocyanate or an aliphatic diisocyanate; and the diol is selected from one of group consisting of an aliphatic diol, a polyether diol, a polyester diol and a bisphenol. A weight ratio of the diol and the polyurethane oligomer (weight of the diol/weight of the polyurethane oligomer) is 1-3, m is an integer of 0-5, and x is an integer of 5-100.

In still another example, R₁ is derived from an amino compound containing siloxane groups and R₂ is derived from aliphatic diisocyanate; and the diol is selected from one of group consisting of a aliphatic diol and a bisphenol. A weight ratio of the diol and the polyurethane oligomer (weight of the diol/weight of the polyurethane oligomer) is 0.2-0.8, m is an integer of 0-5, and x is an integer of 5-100.

Typically, the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane has a stress more than about 2.5 MPa. Preferably, the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane has a stress more than about 5.0 MPa.

In one example, the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane has a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000-400,000 Da.

In one example, the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane has peaks at about 1.35-1.65 ppm or 3.65-4.15 ppm in ¹H-NMR spectrum. The thermal plastic polyurethane contains carbamate functional groups, and also has characterized peaks at about 7.5-8.0 ppm in ¹H-NMR spectrum.

In still another objective, the invention provides a process for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress. The process comprises: (1) provide the aforementioned formulation; and (2) perform a chain extension reaction to have the aforementioned formulation form thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress, wherein the thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress has a stress more than about 2.5 MPa.

The process for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress is able to solve pollution problem because a waste polymer, such as waste polycarbonate, is use as the raw materials in the process. Moreover, carbon dioxide is not release from the process. Hence, the process effectively prolongs carbon dioxide in carbon cycle.

In one example, the chain extension reaction is performed between 60 and 100° C.

Accordingly, the present invention provides the formulation for preparing TPU with stress more than 2.5 MPa and the formulation comprises the PU oligomer synthesized from the polycarbonate derivative and diisocyanates. Moreover, the polycarbonate derivative is able to be prepared from waste polycarbonate. Furthermore, carbon dioxide is not release in the invented process for preparing TPU with stress more than 2.5 MPa. As a result, the process is an environmental-friendly process.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a ¹H-NMR spectrum of the PU oligomer described in the first embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a ¹H-NMR spectrum of the TPU described in the second embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a DSC spectrum directed to the TPU EM-G30;

FIG. 4 is a DSC spectrum directed to the TPU SI-O70;

FIG. 5 is a DSC spectrum directed to the TPU EM-E45;

FIG. 6 is a DSC spectrum directed to the TPU EM-P45;

FIG. 7 is a plot of stress and strain of the TPU EM G-30; and

FIG. 8 is a plot of stress and strain of the TPU SI-O70.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In a first embodiment, the present invention discloses a formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane (TPU) with high stress. The formulation comprises a first part that comprises polyurethane oligomer and a second part that comprises a chain extender. The polyurethane oligomer is formed by reacting a polycarbonate derivative or a bisphenol compound with a diisocyanate, and the polycarbonate derivative has a structure as shown in formula (1)

In one example of the first embodiment, R₁ group is derived from an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine or a polyether diamine; and the diisocyanate is an aromatic diisocyanate or an aliphatic diisocyanate. The chain extender is selected from one of group consisting of an aliphatic diol, a polyether diol, a polyester diol and a bisphenol. A weight ratio of the chain extender and the polyurethane oligomer is 1-3, and m is an integer of 0-5.

In one example of the first embodiment, R₁ group is derived from an amino compound containing siloxane groups; and the diisocyanate is aliphatic diisocyanate. The chain extender is selected from one of group consisting of an aliphatic diol and a bisphenol. A weight ratio of the chain extender and the polyurethane oligomer is 0.2-0.8, and m is an integer of 0-5.

In one example of the first embodiment, the aliphatic diamine comprises a C2-C40 linear chain aliphatic diamine or a C2-C40 branched chain aliphatic diamine. Preferably, the C2-C40 linear chain aliphatic diamine is 1,4-butyl diamine, 1,5-pentyl diamine or 1,6-hexyl diamine.

In one example of the first embodiment, the aromatic diisocyanate comprises 4,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), 4,4′-difluoromethylene diphenyl diisocyanate, 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,2-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,2′-biphenyl diisocyanate, 3,3′-biphenyl diisocyanate, 4,4′-biphenyl diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate or their combination.

In one example of the first embodiment, the aliphatic diisocyanate comprises hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate or their combination.

In one example of the first embodiment, the aliphatic diol comprises a C2-C40 linear chain aliphatic diol or a C2-C40 branched chain aliphatic diol. Preferably, the C2-C40 linear chain aliphatic diol is 1,4-butyl diol, 1,5-pentyl diol or 1,6-hexyl diol.

In one example of the first embodiment, the polyether diol is selected from one of the group consisting of polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG), polytetramethylene ether glycol-ethylene glycol copolymer, polytetramethylene ether glycol-propylene glycol copolymer and their combination.

In one example of the first embodiment, the polyester diol comprises polycarbonate diol, polycaprolactone diol or their combination.

In one example of the first embodiment, the polyether diamine has a weight-average molecular weight between 100 and 5,000 Da. Preferably, the polyether amine is Jeffamine type polyether diamine.

In one example of the first embodiment, the amino compound containing siloxane groups has a molecular weight between 150 and 10,000 Da.

The amino compound containing siloxane or polysiloxane groups has structure as shown in formula (3).

In one example of the first embodiment, the polyurethane oligomer has peaks at 1.35-1.65 ppm or 3.65-4.15 ppm in ¹H-NMR spectrum.

In one example of the first embodiment, the polyurethane oligomer has a weight-average molecular weight between 4,000 and 40,000 Da.

In one example of the first embodiment, the formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress is used for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with stress more than about 2.5 MPa.

In a second embodiment, the invention discloses a thermal plastic polyurethane. The thermal plastic polyurethane is a high stress thermal plastic polyurethane and formed by reacting a polyurethane oligomer with a diol, wherein the polyurethane oligomer has a structure as shown in formula (2).

In one example of the second embodiment, m is 0 and the polyurethane oligomer is formed by reacting a bisphenol compound with a diisocyanate, and x is an integer of 5-100. Preferably, the bisphenol compound is bisphenol A.

In one example of the second embodiment, R₁ is derived from an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine or a polyether diamine and R₂ is derived from an aromatic diisocyanate or an aliphatic diisocyanate; and the diol is selected from one of group consisting of a aliphatic diol, a polyether diol, a polyester diol and bisphenol. A weight ratio of the diol and the polyurethane oligomer is 1-3, m is an integer of 0-5, and x is an integer of 5-100.

In one example of the second embodiment, R₁ is derived from an amino compound containing siloxane groups and R₂ is derived from aliphatic diisocyanate; and the diol is selected from one of group consisting of an aliphatic diol and bisphenol. A weight ratio of the diol and the polyurethane oligomer is 0.2-0.8, m is an integer of 0-5, and x is an integer of 5-100.

In one example of the second embodiment, the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane has a stress more than about 2.5 MPa. Preferably, the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane has a stress more than about 5.0 MPa. In particular, the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane containing siloxane or polysiloxane groups has a stress more than about 15.0 MPa.

In one example of the second embodiment, the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane has a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000-400,000 Da.

In one example of the second embodiment, the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane has peaks at about 1.35-1.65 ppm or 3.65-4.15 ppm in ¹H-NMR spectrum.

In one example of the second embodiment, the polyurethane oligomer has a weight-average molecular weight between 4,000 and 40,000 Da.

In one example of the second embodiment, the aliphatic diamine comprises a C2-C40 linear chain aliphatic diamine or a C2-C40 branched chain aliphatic diamine. Preferably, the C2-C40 linear chain aliphatic diamine is 1,4-butyl diamine, 1,5-pentyl diamine or 1,6-hexyl diamine.

In one example of the second embodiment, the aromatic diisocyanate comprises 4,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), 4,4′-difluoromethylene diphenyl diisocyanate, 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,2-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,2′-biphenyl diisocyanate, 3,3′-biphenyl diisocyanate, 4,4′-biphenyl diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate or their combination.

In one example of the second embodiment, the aliphatic diisocyanate comprises hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate or their combination.

In one example of the second embodiment, the aliphatic diol comprises a C2-C40 linear chain aliphatic diol or a C2-C40 branched chain aliphatic diol. Preferably, the C2-C40 linear chain aliphatic diol is 1,4-butyl diol, 1,5-pentyl diol or 1,6-hexyl diol.

In one example of the second embodiment, the polyether diol is selected from one of the group consisting of polytetramethylene ether glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol-ethylene glycol copolymer, polytetramethylene ether glycol-propylene glycol copolymer and their combination.

In one example of the second embodiment, the polyester diol comprises polycarbonate diol, polycaprolactone diol (PCL) or their combination.

In one example of the second embodiment, the polyether diamine has a weight-average molecular weight between 100 and 5,000 Da. Preferably, the polyether amine is Jeffamine type polyether diamine.

In one example of the second embodiment, the amino compound containing siloxane or polysiloxane groups has a molecular weight between 150 and 10,000 Da.

The amino compound containing siloxane or polysiloxane groups has structure as shown in formula (3).

In a third embodiment, the invention provides a process for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress. The process comprises: (1) provide the formulation according to the first embodiment; and (2) perform a chain extension reaction to have the formulation according to the first embodiment form thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress, wherein the thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress has a stress more than about 2.5 MPa.

In one example of the third embodiment, the chain extension reaction is performed between 60 and 100° C.

In one example of the third embodiment, the thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress has peaks at about 1.35-1.65 ppm or 3.65-4.15 ppm in ¹H-NMR spectrum.

In one example of the third embodiment, the thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress has a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000-400,000 Da

In one representative example of the third embodiment, the PU oligomer that is prepared from MDI and the polycarbonate derivative, and PTMEG or PCL are used to produce the thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress and its structure is shown in formula (4). Where R₁ is derived from 1,6-hexyl diamine (HDA), R₂ is derived from MDI and R₃ is derived from PTMEG or PCL. Where m is an integer of 0-5, x is 5-500 and y is 1-40.

Working examples of the invention are described as following paragraphs.

Example 1: General Procedure for Preparing the Polycarbonate Derivative

Provides a mixture contain a solvent, polycarbonate (PC) and a diamine. The diamine may have siloxane or polysiloxane groups. The mixture may further contain diphenyl carbonate. The solvent comprises diethyl ether, di-n-propyl ether, isopropyl ether, anisole, ethoxybenzene, propoxybenzene, butoxybenzene, 2-methoxytoluene, 3-methoxytoluene, 4-methoxytoluene, benzyl ethyl ether, diphenyl ether, dibenzyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 2,3-dihydropyran, tetrahydropyran, 2-methyl tetrahydropyran, benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, diethylbenzene or cyclohexylbenzene. Heat the aforementioned mixture to 50-200° C. for preparing the crude polycarbonate derivative. After remove the solvent under vacuum distillation and then purify the crude polycarbonate derivative by column chromatography. Finally, the polycarbonate derivative is obtained. Some representative diamines and the final obtaining polycarbonate derivatives are shown in TABLE 1.

TABLE 1 Exp No. PC/gram Diamine(Ew: g/eq)/gram Polycarbonate derivative 1 3 1,6-hexyl diamine(Ew = 58.1)/0.69 Polycarbonate derivative A 2 3 Jeffamine EDR-148(Ew = 74.1)/0.87 Polycarbonate derivative E 3 3 Diamine containing siloxane groups Polycarbonate derivative S (Ew = 800)/9.63

Example 2: General Procedure for Synthesizing the PU Oligomer

The polyurethane oligomer is synthesized by polycondensation of the diisocyanates and the polycarbonate derivative prepared according to TABLE 1. The diisocyanates comprise MDI, IPDI or HDI. The polycondensation is performed at 60-100° C. Solvents including DMF, NMP, THF, DMSO or anisole are added for increasing the reaction rate. After the polycondensation is finished, a characteristic peak of carbamate group at 1750±50 cm⁻¹ is observed in the FTIR spectrum. The kind and usage of the diisocyanates and the polycarbonate derivative are shown in TABLE 2.

TABLE 2 Exp No. Polycarbonate derivative/gram diisocyanate/gram Symbol of the PU oligomer 1 Polycarbonate derivative A/3.69 MDI/14.76 AM-15 2 Polycarbonate derivative A/3.69 MDI/3.78 AM-30 3 Polycarbonate derivative A/3.69 MDI/2.53 AM-45 4 Polycarbonate derivative A/3.69 MDI/2.04 AM-60 5 Polycarbonate derivative E/3.87 MDI/15.24 EM-15 6 Polycarbonate derivative E/3.87 MDI/3.87 EM-30 7 Polycarbonate derivative E/3.87 MDI/2.56 EM-45 8 Polycarbonate derivative E/3.87 MDI/2.06 EM-60 9 Polycarbonate derivative S/12.63 IPDI/4.36 SI-30 10 Polycarbonate derivative S/12.63 IPDI/9.51 SI-50 11 Polycarbonate derivative S/12.63 IPDI/21.52 SI-70 12 Polycarbonate derivative S/12.63 MDI/4.36 SM-30 13 Polycarbonate derivative S/12.63 MDI/9.51 SM-50 14 Polycarbonate derivative S/12.63 MDI/21.52 SM-70

The PU oligomers list in TABLE 2 has peaks at about 1.35-1.65 ppm or 3.65-4.15 ppm in ¹H-NMR spectrum. Carbamate functional groups characterized peaks at about 7.5-8.0 ppm in ¹H-NMR spectrum are also observed.

Example 3: General Procedure for Preparing the TPU

The PU oligomers list in TABLE 2 and diols are heat to 60-100° C. for obtaining various TPU by chain extension reaction. The kinds of the PU oligomers and weights of the diols are shown in TABLE 3.

TABLE 3 Weight ratio of the Symbol of the Exp No. PU oligomer Diol/gram Diol/PU oligomer TPU Control X X — EM-100 1 AM-15 PTMEG2000*/100.53 5.45 AM-G15 2 AM-30 PTMEG2000/17.01 2.28 AM-G30 3 AM-45 PTMEG2000/7.45 1.20 AM-G45 4 AM-60 PTMEG2000/3.75 0.66 AM-G60 5 EM-15 PTMEG2000/104.20 5.45 EM-G15 6 EM-30 PTMEG2000/17.63 2.28 EM-G30 7 EM-45 PTMEG2000/7.72 1.20 EM-G45 8 EM-60 PTMEG2000/3.89 0.66 EM-G60 9 EM-15 PCL2000**/104.20 5.45 EM-L15 10 EM-30 PCL2000/17.63 2.28 EM-L30 11 EM-45 PCL2000/7.72 1.20 EM-L45 12 EM-60 PCL2000/3.89 0.66 EM-L60 13 EM-30 PEG/17.63 2.28 EM-E30 14 EM-45 PEG/7.72 1.20 EM-E45 15 EM-30 PPG/17.63 2.28 EM-P30 16 EM-45 PPG/7.72 1.20 EM-P45 17 SI-30 1,6-hexyl diol/1.26 0.07 SI-O30 18 SI-50 1,6- hexyl diol/3.57 0.16 SI-O50 19 SI-70 1,6- hexyl diol/8.97 0.26 SI-O70 20 SM-30 1,6- hexyl diol/1.26 0.07 SM-O30 21 SM-50 1,6- hexyl diol/3.57 0.16 SM-O50 22 SM-70 1,6- hexyl diol/8.97 0.26 SM-O70 *PTMEG2000: Mw of PTMEG is 2,000 Da; **PCL2000: Mw of PCL is 2,000 Da

The properties of the TPU list in TABLE 3 are shown in TABLE 4.

TABLE 4 Exp No TPU Stress ^(a)(MPa) Strain^(b)(%) Film formality ^(c) PC^(d)(wt. %) Tg^(e)(° C.) Control EM-100 n.a. n.a. Brittle 59.2 4 1 AM-G15 0.7 118 Poor 2.5 n.a. 2 AM-G30 2.7 1090 Good 12.2 n.a. 3 AM-G45 9.0 650 Good 22.0 n.a. 4 AM-G60 1.7 127 Poor 31.6 n.a. 5 EM-G15 0.6 226 Poor 2.43 n.a. 6 EM-G30 13.2  1205 Good 11.8 n.a 7 EM-G45 15.2  996 Good 21.2 −59 8 EM-G60 3.7 603 Poor 30.5 −52 9 EM-L15 2.8 5 Poor 2.43 n.a 10 EM-L30 2.9 45 Good 11.8 −39 11 EM-L45 4.3 555 Good 21.2 −31 12 EM-L60 3.1 229 Poor 30.5 −20 13 EM-E30 n.a. n.a. fragile 11.8 n.a 14 EM-E45 n.a. n.a. fragile 21.2 n.a 15 EM-P30 n.a. n.a. fragile 11.8 n.a 16 EM-P45 n.a. n.a. fragile 21.2 n.a 17 SI-030 n.a. n.a. fragile 16.4 3.8 18 SI-050 n.a. n.a. fragile 11.7 3.1 19 SI-070 54   11 Good 7.0 3.3 20 SM-030 n.a. n.a. fragile 16.4 n.a 21 SM-050 n.a. n.a. fragile 11.7 n.a 22 SM-070 n.a. n.a. fragile 7.0 3.8 ^(a) Stress(MPa) measured by tensile testing machine; ^(b)Strain(%) measured by tensile testing machine; ^(c) Visual observation; ^(d)theoretic polycarbonate content in the TPU (grams of the polycarbonate/grams of the TPU); ^(e)Glass transition temperature measured by DSC; n.a.: Not available.

According to the TABLE 4, AM-G30, AM-G45, EM-G30, EM-G45, EM-L30, EM-L45 and SI-O70 has stress more than 2.5 MPa and good film formality.

On the other hand, TPU formed from PEG or PPG, herein refer to EM-E30, EM-E45, EM-P30 and EM-P45, are not able to measure the stress and strain due to their fragile film. As a result, the invented formulation for preparing the TPU with high stress excludes PEG and PPG diols.

Furthermore, the TPU formed by the PU oligomers containing both siloxane or polysiloxane groups and aromatic groups, such as SM-30, SM-50, and SM-70; and 1,6-hexyl diol are not able to measure the stress and strain due to their fragile film.

DSC analysis of EM-G30, SI-O70, EM-E45 and EM-P45 are shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, respectively. EM-E45 and EM-P45 has an exothermic peak at −33° C. and −20° C. Furthermore, EM-E45 and EM-P45 are not able to measure their stress and strain due to their fragile structure at room temperature.

Stress Measurement of the TPU

Stress and strain of EM-G30, SI-O70, EM-E45 and EM-P45 are measured by tensile testing machine (MTS Landmark 370.02 Test System). The testing method is according to ASTM D638. The tensile rate is 100 mm/min. EM-G30 has a stress about 13.0 MPa. SI-O70 has a stress about 54 MPa. However, EM-E45 and EM-P45 are broken or fragile during the testing. Therefore, PEG and PPG diols are not good chain extenders for using in the present invented formulation.

Obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the present invention can be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that many modifications of the present invention may be made without departing from what is intended to be limited solely by the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress, comprising a first part which comprises polyurethane oligomer and a second part which comprises a chain extender; wherein the polyurethane oligomer is formed by reacting a polycarbonate derivative or a bisphenol with a diisocyanate, and wherein the polycarbonate derivative has a structure as shown in formula (1);

where R₁ is derived from an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine or a polyether diamine, and the diisocyanate is an aromatic diisocyanate or an aliphatic diisocyanate; and wherein the chain extender is selected from one of group consisting of an aliphatic diol, a polyether diol, a polyester diol and a bisphenol; and a weight ratio of the chain extender and the polyurethane oligomer is 1-3, and m is an integer of 0-5; or where R₁ is derived from an amino compound containing siloxane groups; and the diisocyanate is an aliphatic diisocyanate; and wherein the chain extender is selected from one of group consisting of an aliphatic diol and a bisphenol; and a weight ratio of the chain extender and the polyurethane oligomer is 0.2-0.8, and m is an integer of 0-5.
 2. The formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 1, wherein the aliphatic diamine comprises a C2-C40 linear chain aliphatic diamine or a C2-C40 branched chain aliphatic diamine.
 3. The formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 1, wherein the aromatic diisocyanate comprises 4,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, 4,4′-difluoromethylene diphenyl diisocyanate, 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,2-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,2′-biphenyl diisocyanate, 3,3′-biphenyl diisocyanate, 4,4′-biphenyl diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate or their combination.
 4. The formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 1, wherein the aliphatic diisocyanate comprises hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate or their combination.
 5. The formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 1, wherein the aliphatic diol comprises a C2-C40 linear chain aliphatic diol or a C2-C40 branched chain aliphatic diol.
 6. The formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 1, wherein the polyether diol is selected from one of the group consisting of polytetramethylene ether glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol-ethylene glycol copolymer, polytetramethylene ether glycol-propylene glycol copolymer and their combination.
 7. The formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 1, wherein the polyester diol comprises polycarbonate diol, polycaprolactone diol or their combination.
 8. The formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 1, wherein the polyether diamine has a weight-average molecular weight between 100 and 5,000 Da.
 9. The formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 1, wherein the amino compound containing siloxane groups has a molecular weight between 150 and 10,000 Da.
 10. The formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 1, wherein the polyurethane oligomer has peaks at 1.35-1.65 ppm or 3.65-4.15 ppm in ¹H-NMR spectrum.
 11. The formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 1, wherein the polyurethane oligomer has a weight-average molecular weight between 4,000 and 40,000 Da.
 12. The formulation for preparing thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 1, being used for preparing a thermal plastic polyurethane with stress more than about 2.5 MPa.
 13. A thermal plastic polyurethane, being a high stress thermal plastic polyurethane and formed by reacting a polyurethane oligomer with a diol, wherein the polyurethane oligomer has a structure as shown in formula (2):

when m is 0, the polyurethane oligomer is formed by reacting a bisphenol compound with a diisocyanate, and x is an integer of 5-100; or when R₁ is derived from an aliphatic diamine, an aromatic diamine or a polyether diamine, and R₂ is derived from an aromatic diisocyanate or a aliphatic diisocyanate; and wherein the diol is selected from one of group consisting of a aliphatic diol, a polyether diol, a polyester diol and a bisphenol; and a weight ratio of the diol and the polyurethane oligomer is 1-3, m is an integer of 0-5, and x is an integer of 5-100; or when R₁ is derived from an amino compound containing siloxane groups; and R₂ is derived from aliphatic diisocyanate; and wherein the diol is selected from one of group consisting of a aliphatic diol and a bisphenol; and a weight ratio of the diol and the polyurethane oligomer is 0.2-0.8, m is an integer of 0-5, and x is an integer of 5-100.
 14. The thermal plastic polyurethane of claim 13, wherein the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane has a stress more than about 2.5 MPa.
 15. The thermal plastic polyurethane of claim 13, wherein the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane has a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000-400,000 Da.
 16. The thermal plastic polyurethane of claim 13, wherein the high stress thermal plastic polyurethane has peaks at about 1.35-1.65 ppm or 3.65-4.15 ppm in ¹H-NMR spectrum.
 17. The thermal plastic polyurethane of claim 13, wherein the polyurethane oligomer has a weight-average molecular weight between 4,000 and 40,000 Da.
 18. The thermal plastic polyurethane of claim 13, wherein the aliphatic diamine comprises a C2-C40 linear chain aliphatic diamine or a C2-C40 branched chain aliphatic diamine.
 19. The thermal plastic polyurethane of claim 13, wherein the aromatic diisocyanate comprises 4,4′-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, 4,4′-difluoromethylene diphenyl diisocyanate, 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,3-phenylene diisocyanate, 1,2-phenylene diisocyanate, 2,2′-biphenyl diisocyanate, 3,3′-biphenyl diisocyanate, 4,4′-biphenyl diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate or their combination.
 20. The thermal plastic polyurethane of claim 13, wherein the aliphatic diisocyanate comprises hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 4,4′-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate or their combination.
 21. The thermal plastic polyurethane of claim 13, wherein the aliphatic diol comprises a C2-C40 linear chain aliphatic diol or a C2-C40 branched chain aliphatic diol.
 22. The thermal plastic polyurethane of claim 13, wherein the polyether diol is selected from one of the group consisting of polytetramethylene ether glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol-ethylene glycol copolymer, polytetramethylene ether glycol-propylene glycol copolymer and their combination.
 23. The thermal plastic polyurethane of claim 13, wherein the polyester diol comprises polycarbonate diol, polycaprolactone diol or their combination.
 24. The thermal plastic polyurethane of claim 13, wherein the polyether diamine has a weight-average molecular weight between 100 and 5,000 Da.
 25. The thermal plastic polyurethane of claim 13, wherein the amino compound containing siloxane groups has a molecular weight between 150 and 10,000 Da.
 26. A process for making thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress, comprising: (1) providing the formulation according to claim 1; and (2) performing a chain extension reaction to have the formulation according to claim 1 form thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress, wherein the thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress has a stress more than about 2.5 MPa.
 27. The process for making thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 26, wherein the chain extension reaction is performed between 60 and 100° C.
 28. The process for making thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 26, wherein the thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress has peaks at about 1.35-1.65 ppm or 3.65-4.15 ppm in ¹H-NMR spectrum.
 29. The process for making thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress of claim 26, wherein the thermal plastic polyurethane with high stress has a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000-400,000 Da. 